Cast or molded articles



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.'No Drawing." I I PfatentedMar. 30, 1926 I i F ANZIE om a strive, or new solemn. jr."

'oAsT' onMoLnnn AR'rIcLEs.

Toallwhom,itmayconcern': 1

- Be it known thatI, FnANzin ANT INETTE on SILVA, a citizen of the Unitedqstates of America, of Beaver-Street, New York city, State of New York, .United' States of America, at present residing at 183 West minster Bridge Road, Lambeth, in the county of London, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inon Relate ing to (last or Molded Articles, of which the following is aspecification'. 1 i v This invention'relates'to the manufacture ofcast or molded articles. 1

Asis well understood, intense heat is; re-Q quired for-themanufacture; of iron or. steel from titaniferous iron ores or for the reduction of titanife'rous "oresor iron sands, as

the metal fuses at about 1850 centigra'de.

The older processes for the reduction of iron sands or titaniferous ores were usually carried on in two stages, and in such manner that pig iron, or impure iron containing a large percentage of carbon, together with a pasty slag were first produced, the impure iron being subsequently reduced by a second operation to obtain a higher grade metal with a lower carbon content (titanium steel).

Recently, however (see The World Steel Companys Belgian Patent No. 315,7 l0), it has been proposed to effect the complete reduction of iron sands or titaniferous ores in a single operation in an electric furnace so as to obtain a high grade metal with a low carbon content (titanium steel) directly from the iron sands or ores. V i V A suitable process forthe direct production of titanium steel-or a high grade metal with a low carbon content from titaniferous iron ores or iron sands'consists-inter ali'a, in spreading upon the surface of the material undergoing treatment a'layer of conducting and reducing material, such ascarbon, charcoal or graphite, together wltha carbide, and in passlng an elect-rlc current through the mixture so as to produce upon the surface of the material a radiant andintensely hot mantle composed of multiple arcs. Al

ternately, the carbon, etc. may be disposed around the walls of the furnaces in the form ofplugs, or a plurality of electrodes may be employed with or without additional electr1c resistance heating, the arcs formed by the electrodes being allowed to play upon the reducing material on the surface of the bath. A further suitable process for the direct production of high grade titanium Applicationfiledllprfl 9, 1925. seriainofaigss i.

steel consists in subjecting the titanifer'ous t iron sand or ores to a'separation process (carried, on magnetically or otherwise) and in first fusing ormelting the concentrate 6 in an electric arc furnace, and". thereafter.

adding the ;.reducing agents (carbon, chair? coal or graphite, together with calciumgc'arbide) whereupon.the slagging of the ;;im:- purities and the separation of the metal-i505 rapidly effected i. l V I have discoveredthat the slag whichis producedby the direct production in electric Y furnaces oftitaniumste'el orja high grade inetaljwithi a low carbon content from; iron 7 sands or titaniferous ores, notionly flows readily,- but, on account of the-intense heatgenerated in the; electric furnace and the nature of the slag itself, which consists principally of titanic acid and other refrac 7 l tory materials such as titanium carbide, it forms when cold an intensely hard material which it is diflicult or practicallyimpossible to re-melt.

' According to the present invention use is made of this discovery, 'andtheslag,while still molten, and with or without previous concentration, is run, pouredor cast into molds of suitable shape or configuration'and allowed to cool or anneal, the cast or molded 5 product being employed for any industrial purpose where'a heat resisting,'dense or extremely vhard article is required, for example, as a lining material for stoves, furnaces, converters, boilers, or. crucibles, or for the manufacture of bricks, blocks, tiles, slabs, trays, sheets, panels, linings, partitions, paving stones, cornices, V or for materials for building or constructional 1 work generally,-

To this end the slag, preferably after bei 9 ing concentrated in the molten state by any suitable or known method, for example by i rotation, is drawn ofi from the electric furnace, and, while still molten, is cast or poured into molds preferably after being subjected the greater. thedensity of the cast articles will be. The articles produced are also unbreakable, indestructible, and as aforesaid tures asthe material composing them is practically unmeltable.

' be crushed According to another mode of procedure a layer or layers of powdered or sheet asv bestos, convas, cloth or the like is or are placed in the molds and the molten mass is poured or allowed to flow therein so that, in the caseof a single sheet or layer, the material covers both sides thereof, or in the case of double slie etsor layers is located between the smile. Hydraulic or other pressure may thereafter be applied so that sheets of any required size are produced Which can be eniployed as fire-resisting or unbreakable materials for roofing purposes,- walls, partitions, tiles, linings or other construction The material while in a molten state and before being cast into the molds may be mixed with any plastic substance or compound adapted to impart any desired qualities thereto, and a coloring medium" or mediums may be added. The material can also and used as an ingredient in paintsi What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. A dense, extremely hard and practically unmeltable shaped article composed principally of'titanic acid and other refractory materials such as titanium carbide.

2.'A dense, extremely hard and practically unmelatable article which has been cast from the slag produced in the operation of reducing iron sands and which is composed principally of titanic acid and other refractory materials.

3. An article ofmanufacture comprising layers of material and alternate layers of a dense, extremely hard and practically unmeltable substance composed principally of titanic acid and other refractory materials such as titanium carbide.

4. An article of manufacture comprising layersof fire resisting material and alternate layers of a dense,extremely hard, and

practically unmeltable substance composed principally of titanic acid and other'refractory materials such as'titanium carbide,

FRANZIE ANTOINETTE on 

